Penile Inversion Vaginoplasty
Using penile skin and part of the scrotal skin to create the vaginal canal and vulvar appearance, this is currently one of the most mature and most commonly performed vaginoplasty procedures worldwide.
Using penile skin and part of the scrotal skin to create the vaginal canal and the appearance of the vulva, this is currently one of the most mature and most common vaginoplasty procedures worldwide.
The surgery can simultaneously reconstruct the clitoris, labia majora, labia minora, and vaginal opening, providing female genital structures with both appearance and function.
Surgical Features
- Mature surgical technique with abundant long-term follow-up data
- No abdominal or intestinal surgery required
- Relatively simple recovery process
- Shorter hospital stay
- Relatively lower risk of complications
Suitable Candidates
- Those with sufficient penile and scrotal tissue conditions
- Those who wish to avoid abdominal surgery
- Those who wish to use a mature and widely used procedure
- Those who expect a shorter recovery period
Surgical Time and Recovery Period
- Surgical time: approximately 5-8 hours
- Hospital stay: approximately 5-10 days
- Recovery period: approximately 6-8 weeks
- Start time for dilation: approximately 10-14 days after surgery
Postoperative Results
- A vaginal canal with depth can be created
- Clitoral sensation and sexual function can be preserved
- The appearance is close to the vulva of cisgender women
- Most patients can resume sexual activity and daily activities
Disadvantages and Possible Complications
Surgical Limitations
- Vaginal depth is affected by the amount of penile and scrotal tissue
- Those who have received puberty blocker treatment may require additional skin grafting due to insufficient tissue
- The vagina does not have natural lubrication, and lubricant is usually needed during sexual activity
- Long-term regular postoperative dilation is required to maintain vaginal depth and width
Early Complications
- Poor wound healing or wound dehiscence
- Hematoma and bleeding
- Infection
- Partial necrosis of the flap or skin graft
- Swelling of the urethral opening or difficulty urinating
Late Complications
- Vaginal stenosis or loss of depth
- Contraction of the vaginal opening
- Hair growth inside the vagina when preoperative hair removal is insufficient
- Vulvar asymmetry or dissatisfaction with appearance
- Vaginal prolapse
Features of This Center
- Complete preoperative hair-removal assessment to reduce postoperative vaginal hair problems
- The neurovascular bundle is preserved for clitoral reconstruction, increasing the chance of preserving sensation
- ICG fluorescence blood-flow assessment is used during surgery to confirm flap perfusion status
Possible Limitations
- Vaginal depth is affected by the original tissue conditions
- Regular vaginal dilation training is required
- Continuous follow-up of vaginal depth and vulvar healing status is required
- A small number of patients may require subsequent appearance or functional revision surgery
Postoperative Neovagina Diagram
Key points
- Mature surgical technique with abundant long-term follow-up data
- No abdominal or intestinal surgery required
- Clitoral sensation and sexual function can be preserved
- Long-term regular postoperative dilation is required to maintain vaginal depth and width