Procedure comparison
These comparisons reflect common clinical scenarios. Actual outcomes vary by anatomy, operative planning, and postoperative care.
| Comparison item | Penile inversion | Sigmoid colon | Peritoneal | Limited-depth |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Postoperative profile and care | ||||
| Typical vaginal depth | Moderate (10-14 cm) | Deeper (12-18 cm) | Moderate to deep (12-15 cm) | 3-5 cm |
| Long-term depth follow-up (>2 years) | 7-12 cm | Maintains postoperative depth | 7-12 cm | 2-3 cm |
| Moisture | Drier, often needs lubricant | Natural mucous secretion | Some native secretion | Not applicable |
| Tissue characteristics | Skin, may be dry | Bowel mucosa, more moist | Peritoneal tissue | External vulvar reconstruction with preserved shallow vaginal space |
| Postoperative recovery time | Short | Longer (abdominal surgery) | Moderate | Shortest |
| Odor | Related to personal hygiene | Related to lifestyle and diet | Related to personal hygiene | Related to personal hygiene |
| Need for long-term dilation | Yes | Often for 1-2 years | Yes | No |
| Potential for penetrative sex | Yes | Yes | Yes | Not intended for vaginal intercourse |
| Granulation tissue | Common | Common | Common | Less common |
| Risk and overall outcome profile | ||||
| Stenosis risk | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Low |
| Prolapse risk | <5% | 2-3% | <5% | Low |
| Major complications | Stenosis, graft failure | Junction stenosis, prolapse | Stenosis, graft failure | Shallow-space stenosis or need for local revision |
| Revision rate | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Low |
| Patient satisfaction | Good | Very good | Good | Good (for selected patients) |
| Surgical complexity | Moderate | High | Moderate | Low |
| Operative time | Moderate | Longer | Moderate | Short |
Compiled from Dr. Hu team experience at Linkou Chang Gung.